A0玉米脱粒机装配图
小型钉齿玉米脱粒机的设计
Design of small nailed corn thresher
摘要
本文中设计的玉米脱粒机，用机械来取代人工进行。现代化农业技术的发展，促进了玉米产量的大幅度提高，因此对脱粒技术提出更高的要求。如果使用人工来进行脱粒，不仅花费很长的时间，而且工作强度大，非常不方便，我国农业是小农经济，也就是说大型的机器在我们国家的农村是推广不开来的。所以现在要研究一种比较小的玉米脱粒机，效率要高，破碎率要低，这样劳动人民的强度就变轻了，并且将农业生产的现代化水平变得更高。
本主完成的内容有：玉米脱粒机总体方案的设计,输出轴的选择,传送带及带轮的选用，其他零件的设计。根据设计要求，选择V型带传动作为传动方式，确保机构的稳定，确定脱粒机的技术参数。选择45号钢为轴的材料，保证轴的强度以及刚度；根据轴向定位要求确定轴的各段直径和长度。设计钉齿条来固定钉齿，使之呈螺旋状；确定栅格凹板的设计。入料口及上盖的设计，能够有效避免出现玉米棒卡死或溅出的情况。
本设计的玉米脱粒机重点是小型、钉齿。设计的时候，脱粒机的动力来源是电动机，电动机通过输出轴和传送带，将动力传送到钉齿脱粒滚筒上，之后它又跟栅格板进行配合，玉米粒也就排出机器了。
关键词玉米；脱粒机；小型；钉齿；设计
Abstract
Corn thresher is a machine for threshing corn by mechanical action instead of manual operation. With the development of modern agricultural planting technology, the yield of maize has been greatly improved, and new requirements for threshing technology of maize have been put forward. Artificial threshing is time-consuming, laborious and extremely inconvenient. However, the current situation of agriculture in China is mostly the small-scale peasant economy, which determines that it is difficult to popularize large machinery in some aspects. The research and development of small corn thresher with high efficiency and low crushing rate is of great significance for reducing the labor intensity of farmers and improving the mechanization of agricultural operations.
The main content of this paper is: the design of the overall plan of the corn sheller, the selection of the output shaft, the selection of the conveyor belt and the pulley, and the design of other parts. According to the design requirements, the V-belt drive is selected as the transmission method to ensure the stability of the mechanism and the technical parameters of the threshing machine are determined. Select 45 steel as the material of the shaft to ensure the strength and rigidity of the shaft; determine the diameter and length of each section of the shaft according to the axial positioning requirements. The nail rack is designed to fix the spikes and make them spiral; the design of the grid concave plate is determined. The design of the inlet and top cover can effectively prevent corn sticks from being stuck or spilled.
Based on the above reasons, this paper mainly designs small threshing corn thresher. The main contents are as follows: the machine is mainly composed of an inlet port, a grid type concave plate, a nail tooth threshing cylinder and a transmission part. The motor is used as the power source, the power is output from the output shaft of the motor, and then passed through the drive belt to the nail tooth threshing roller, the corn is separated from the grid format concave plate and the corn grain is discharged from the machine, and the corn core is discharged from the other end of the feed.
Keywords threshing machine small nail tooth design
目录
摘要I
Abstract II
1绪论1
1.1本课题研究的背景及意义1
1.2国内外玉米脱粒机的发展现状2
1.3玉米脱粒机市场需求的分析3
1.4玉米脱粒机技术发展及市场前景的分析3
1.5本课题研究的主要内容及拟解决的主要问题3
2总体方案、主要参数的设计与确定4
2.1玉米脱粒机的组成4
2.2玉米脱粒机的总体设计6
2.3技术参数的设计与确定6
2.4钉齿条上钉齿转速的确定7
2.5钉齿滚筒转速的确定7
2.6电动机的选择与确定7
3带及带轮的设计10
3.1传动带的设计10
3.1.1确定传送带的功率10
3.1.2选择V带的型号10
3.1.3确定带轮的基准直径10
3.1.4确定传动中心距和带长11
3.1.5验算主动轮上的包角11
3.1.6确定V带的根数11
3.1.7确定带的初拉力12
3.1.8求V带传动作用在轴上的压力12
3.2带轮的设计12
3.2.1带轮的材料选择12
3.2.2主动带轮的设计13
3.2.3从动带轮的设计13
3.2.4带轮轮槽的设计14
3.2.5带轮技术要求的确定14
4传动轴的设计15
4.1传动轴最小直径的估算15
4.2根据轴向定位的要求确定轴的各段直径和长度16
4.3初步选择输出轴16
4.4确定输出轴上的圆角半径16
4.5按弯扭合成条件校核轴的强度16
4.5.1轴受力简图的绘制16
4.5.2求输出轴上的所受作用力的大小17
4.5.3钉齿条上的合力17
4.5.4轴上水平面内所受支反力18
4.5.5轴在垂直面内所受的支反力18
4.5.6作弯矩图18
4.5.7作当量弯矩图19
4.5.8校核轴的强度19
5其他零件的设计、选择与确定21
5.1钉齿条的设计21
5.1.1钉齿条的总体结构设计21
5.1.2钉齿条及钉齿的设计21
5.1.3钉齿的设计22
5.1.4圆盘的设计22
5.2栅格式凹板的设计22
5.3入料口及脱粒机上盖的设计23
5.4机架的设计24
5.5轴承座的设计25
5.6玉米脱粒机上标准件的选择25
结论26
致谢27
参考文献28
字数统计
圆盘A3
钉齿条A2
上盖A1
设计所包含文件
输出轴A3
凹板部件图A1
从动带轮A3
钉齿滚筒部件图A1
机架部件图A1
