采煤方法图图
主要内容和要求：
以实习矿井平煤股份二矿条件为基础，完成平煤股份二矿1.2Mt/a新井设计。主要内容包括：矿井概况、矿井工作制度及设计生产能力、井田开拓、首采区设计、采煤方法、矿井通风系统、矿井运输提升等。
结合煤矿生产前沿及矿井设计情况，撰写一篇关于高瓦斯煤层冲击地压的防治及应用。
完成与采矿有关的科技翻译一篇，题目为“Shearer mining application to soft thin-seam with hard roof ”，19331字符。
摘要
本设计包括三个部分：一般部分、专题部分和翻译部分。
一般部分共包括10章：1.矿区概述及井田地质特征；2.井田境界和储量；3.矿井工作制度、设计生产能力及服务年限；4.井田开拓；5.准备方式——盘区巷道布置；6.采煤方法；7.井下运输；8.矿井提升；9.矿井通风与安全技术；10.矿井基本技术经济指标。
一般部分为平煤二矿1.2Mt/a新井设计。平煤二矿开位于河南省平顶山市，交通便利。井田走向（东西）长约4.83 km，倾向（南北）长约5.84 km，井田总面积为25.44km2。主采煤层为四21（戊10）煤，倾角2~17°，平均7°。煤层平均厚度为3.45 m。井田地质条件较为简单。
井田工业储量为187.7Mt，矿井可采储量136 Mt。矿井服务年限为81a，涌水量不大，矿井正常涌水量为548 m3/h，最大涌水量为1070 m3/h。矿井相对瓦斯涌出量为5.94 m3/t，绝对瓦斯涌出量为绝对瓦斯涌出量为16.49m3/min，属于低瓦斯矿井。
根据井田地质条件，提出四个技术上可行的开拓方案。方案一：立井单水平开拓；方案二：立井两水平开拓；方案三：立井单水平，暗斜井延深开拓；方案四：斜井两水平开拓。通过粗略和详细技术经济比较，最终确定方案四为最优方案。一水平标高-300m，二水平标高-580m，整个井田划分为7个带区和1个采区。矿井采用中央并列式通风方式。
矿井采用带区式准备方式，工作面设计长度210m，采用综合机械化一次采全高采煤工艺。矿井年工作日为330d，昼夜净提升时间为16h。矿井采用“三八”制工作制度，两班生产，一班检修。生产班每班完成3个采煤循环。循环进尺为0.656m，日产量为3920t。
专题部分题目为高瓦斯煤层冲击地压的防治及应用。
翻译部分题目为采煤机在坚硬顶板软薄煤层开采中的应用。
关键词：斜井两水平；带区，中央并列式通风，一次采全高
ABSTRACT
The three parts is included in this design,i.e.,the general part, special subject part and translation.
This general part includes ten chapters: 1.An outline of the mine field geology; 2.Boundary and the reserves of mine; 3.The service life and working system of mine; 4.Development engineering of coalfield; 5.The layout of panels; 6. The method used in coal mining; 7. Transportation of the underground; 8.The lifting of the mine; 9. The ventilation and the safety operation of the mine; 10.The basic economic and technical norms.
The general part is a new design of Pingdingshan mine with a production of 1.2 million t/a. Pingdingshan mine lines in Pingdengshan city, HeNan province. The traffic of road and railway is very convenience to the mine. The run of the minefield is 4.83 km ,the width is about 5.84 km, well farmland total area is 25.44 km2. No. 4 are the main coal seam, and its dip angle is 2~17°, 7° for average. The thickness of the mine are about 3.45 m. The geological conditions of the minefield is relatively simple.
The proved reserve of the minefield is 187.7 Mt. The designed productive capacity is136Mt, and the service life of the mine is 81years. The normal water flow of the mine is 548 m3/h and the max flow of the mine is 1070 m3/h. The relative gas emission rate of the mineral well is 5.94 m3/t, for low gas mineral well.
Based on the geological conditions of the mine, I bring forward four available project in technology. The first is vertical shaft development with one mining levels, the deep extension of blind slope; the second is vertical shaft development with two mining levels; the third is vertical shaft development with one mining levels and the deep extension of blind slope,and the last is slope shaft development with two mining levels. The four project is the best comparing with other three projects in technology and economy. The first mining level is -300m, the second mining level is -580m. The mine field is divided into seven strip districts and one mining district. Taking into account the long distance in the east and west direction, The type of mine ventilation is the centralized juxtapose ventilation.
Designed first mining district makes use of the method of the mining district preparation. The design length of working face is 210 m, which uses fully mechanized mining with full-seam mining technology. The working days in one year are 330. Everyday it takes 16 hours in lifting the coal. The operation mode in the mine is “three-eight” with two teams mining and the other overhauling. Every mining team makes three working cycle. So everyday there are 6 working cycles. The advance of a working cycle is 0.656 m, and the quantity of 3920 ton coal is made everyday.
Special subject part of topics is: The impact of coal seam gas pressure control and application
The translated academic paper is the shearer mining application to soft thin-seam with hard roof
Keywords:two levels of slope mining ; strip district; centralized juxtapose ventilation; full-seam mining
目录
一般部分
1矿区概述和井田地质特征1
1.1矿区概述1
1.1.1交通条件及位置1
1.1.2地形、地貌1
1.1.3河流及水体1
1.1.4矿区气候条件2
1.1.5水源及电源2
1.2矿井地质特征2
1.2.1井田煤系地层概述2
1.2.2井田地质构造5
1.2.3井田勘探程度5
1.2.4水文地质条件6
1.2.5其他有益产物6
1.3煤层特征7
1.3.1煤层7
1.3.2煤层顶、底板8
1.3.3瓦斯、煤尘和煤的自然倾向性8
1.3.4煤的工业牌号与用途10
2井田境界和储量11
2.1井田境界11
2.1.1井田范围11
2.1.2开采界限11
2.1.3井田尺寸11
2.2矿井储量计算11
2.2.1储量计算基础11
2.2.2矿井工业储量12
2.2.3矿井可采储量14
3矿井工作制度、设计生产能力及服务年限17
3.1矿井工作制度17
3.2矿井设计生产能力及服务年限17
3.2.1矿井设计生产能力17
3.2.2确定依据17
3.2.3服务年限17
3.2.4井型校核18
4井田开拓19
4.1井田开拓基本问题19
4.1.1确定井筒（硐）形式、数目、位置及坐标19
4.1.2工业场地的位置21
4.1.3开采水平的确定及带区、采区的划分21
4.1.4主要开拓巷道21
4.1.5开拓方案比较21
4.2矿井基本巷道28
4.2.1井筒28
4.2.2开拓巷道28
4.2.3井底车场及硐室34
5准备方式——带区巷道布置36
5.1煤层地质特征36
5.1.1采区煤层特征36
5.1.2煤层顶底板岩石构造情况36
5.1.3水文地质36
5.1.4地质构造36
5.1.5地表情况37
5.2带区巷道布置37
5.2.1带区准备方式的确定37
5.2.2带区巷道布置38
5.2.3带区生产系统38
5.2.4带区内巷道掘进方法39
5.2.5带区生产能力及采出率40
5.3带区车场选型设计41
6采煤方法42
6.1采煤工艺方式42
6.1.1采煤方法的选择42
6.1.2回采工作面长度的确定42
6.1.3工作面的推进方向和推进度42
6.1.4综采工作面的设备选型及配套43
6.1.5各工艺过程注意事项48
6.1.6工作面端头支护和超前支护49
6.2回采巷道布置55
6.2.1回采巷道布置方式55
6.2.2回采巷道参数55
7井下运输58
7.1概述58
7.1.1矿井设计生产能力及工作制度58
7.1.2煤层及煤质58
7.1.3运输距离和辅助运输设计58
7.1.4矿井运输系统58
7.2带区运输设备选择59
7.2.1设备选型原则59
7.2.2带区运输设备选型及能力验算59
7.3大巷运输设备选61
7.3.1主运输大巷设备选择61
7.3.2辅助运输大巷设备选择61
7.3.3运输设备能力验算63
8矿井提升64
8.1矿井提升概述64
8.2主副井提升64
8.2.1主井提升64
8.2.2副井提升设备选型65
8.2.3井上下人员运送66
9矿井通风及安全68
9.1矿井地质、开拓、开采概况68
9.1.1矿井地质概况68
9.1.2开拓方式68
9.1.3开采方法68
9.1.4变电所、充电硐室、火药库` 69
9.1.5工作制、人数69
9.2矿井通风系统的确定69
9.2.1矿井通风系统的基本要求69
9.2.2矿井通风方式的选择69
9.2.4带区通风系统的要求70
9.2.5带区通风方式的确定71
9.3矿井风量计算71
9.3.1通风容易时期和通风困难时期采煤方案的确定71
9.3.2各用风地点的用风量和矿井总用风量72
9.3.3风量分配76
9.4矿井阻力计算77
9.4.1计算原则77
9.4.2矿井最大阻力路线77
9.4.3计算矿井摩擦阻力和总阻力77
9.5选择矿井通风设备81
9.5.1选择主要通风机81
9.5.2电动机选型84
9.6安全灾害的预防措施84
9.6.1预防瓦斯和煤尘爆炸的措施84
9.6.2预防井下火灾的措施85
9.6.3防水措施85
10设计矿井基本技术经济指标86
参考文献87
专题部分
0引言89
1国内外研究现状89
1.1国内现状89
1.2国外现状91
2高瓦斯煤层冲击地压发生理论91
2.1高瓦斯煤层冲击地压现象91
2.2高瓦斯煤层冲击地压发生机理95
2.3高瓦斯煤层冲击地压的判别准则96
3高瓦斯煤层冲击地压防治技术99
3.1冲击地压防治方法综述99
3.2煤层注水防治冲击地压机理99
3.2.1煤样浸水性试验100
3.2.2高瓦斯煤层注水的可行性104
3.3高瓦斯煤层注水的实际应用108
4高瓦斯煤层冲击地压防治方案109
4.1防治冲击地压总体措施109
4.1.1冲击地压总体防治措施110
4.1.2冲击地压临时解危措施110
4.2防治冲击地压具体措施110
4.2.1煤巷掘进过程中冲击地压监测与防治方案110
4.2.2采煤工作面解危措施111
5结论111
参考文献112
翻译部分
英文原文114
中文译文122
参考文献127
致谢128
设计所包含文件
字数统计
开拓剖面图
带区巷道布置刨面图
带区巷道布置平面图
开拓平面图
