阀体
阀体气动钻床夹具设计及其装配工艺规划
摘要
在机械制造各行业的工艺过程中广泛应用着各种不同的，用以固定加工对象，使之占有正确位置，以便接受加工的一种工艺装备，统称为夹具。因此，无论是在机械加工，装配，检验，还是在焊接，热处理等冷，热工艺中，以及运输工作中都大量采用夹具。而钻床夹具在机械加工中在保证产品优质，高产，低成本，充分发挥现有设备的潜力，以便工人掌握复杂或精密零件加工技术，以减轻繁重的体力劳动等诸方面起着巨大的作用。因此，钻床夹具的设计和使用是促进生产迅速发展的重要工艺措施之一。
本次设计内容涉及了机械制造工艺及钻床夹具设计、金属切削机床、公差合与测量等多方面的知识。
阀体零件加工工艺及钻4×M8螺纹底孔钻床夹具设计是包括零件加工的工艺设计、工序设计以及专用夹具的设计三部分。在工艺设计中要首先对零件进行分析，了解零件的工艺再设计出毛坯的结构，并选择好零件的加工基准，设计出零件的工艺路线；接着对零件各个工步的工序进行尺寸计算，关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量；然后进行专用夹具的设计，选择设计出夹具的各个组成部件，如定位元件、夹紧元件、引导元件、夹具体与机床的连接部件以及其它部件；计算出夹具定位时产生的定位误差，分析夹具结构的合理性与不足之处，并在以后设计中加以改进。
关键词：钻床；切削用量；夹紧；定位；
The valve pneumatic drill jig design and assembly process planning
Abstract
In machinery manufacturing industries are widely used in the process of a variety of different, to a fixed processing object, make it possess the right place, to accept the construction of a kind of process equipment, collectively known as the jig. Therefore, whether in the mechanical processing, assembly, inspection, welding, heat treatment, such as cold, heat process, and fixture is used in great quantities in the transportation work.
The drill jig to guarantee the high quality products in the mechanical processing, high yield, low cost, give full play to the potential of existing equipment, so that workers learn complex or precision parts processing technology, in order to reduce the heavy manual work and so on various aspects plays an enormous role. Therefore, the design of drilling jig and use is one of the important technical measures to promote the development of production quickly.
The design content of the mechanical manufacturing technology and drill jig design, metal cutting machine tool, tolerance and measuring aspects of knowledge.
Should first analyze the parts in the process design, understand parts of technology to design the structure of blank, and choose the good parts processing benchmark, design process of the parts; Then the parts size of each work step of the process, the key is to determine the process equipment for each process and cutting parameter; For the design of special fixture, then select design out of the component parts of the fixture, such as the positioning device, clamping device, led components, specific connection with machine parts and other parts; Calculated at the exit of fixture locating position error, analysis the rationality of the fixture structure and deficiency, and pay attention to the improvement in the later design.
Key Words: drilling machine；cutting dosage；clamping；positioning；
主要符号表
f进给量
v切削速度
ap背吃刀量
n主轴转速
k安全系数
M切削扭矩
F夹紧力
T温度
ΔD定位误差
ΔY位移误差
ΔT加工误差
δF分度误差
目录
1绪论1
1.1前言1
1.2夹具简介1
1.2.1夹具定义1
1.2.2按夹具的通用特性分类2
1.3本文研究内容及要求3
2阀体定位设计4
2.1阀体的工艺分析4
2.1.1零件的功能、材料和性能4
2.1.2毛坯选择4
2.1.3毛坯形状的确定4
2.1.4形态分析6
2.2加工工艺6
2.2.1工序顺序的安排6
2.2.2制定工艺路线7
2.3切削用量的计算8
2.3.1粗铣下端面的切削用量计算9
2.3.2精铣下端面的切削用量的计算9
2.4阀体定位设计10
2.4.1工件以平面定位10
2.4.2工件以外圆柱定位10
2.4.3工件以内圆孔定位11
2.4.4对定位元件的基本要求11
2.4.5常用定位元件所能限制的自由度11
2.4.6定位误差分析12
2.4.7定位误差产生的原因12
2.4.8常用定位方式基准位移误差13
2.4.9定位误差的合成14
2.4.10六点定位原理14
2.4.11应用定位的几种情况14
3夹具设计15
3.1夹具夹紧方案的设计15
3.2夹紧力计算17
3.2.1夹紧装置的组成17
3.2.2夹紧装置的设计原则18
3.2.3定位夹紧力的基本原则18
3.2.4减小夹紧变形的措施19
4夹具体及分度装置21
4.1夹具体21
4.2分度装置21
5阀体零件的钻床夹具设计22
5.1钻床夹具的主要类型22
5.2钻模的设计22
5.2.1钻套的确定22
5.2.2钻套内孔的基本尺寸及公差配合的选择23
5.2.3钻模板的确定23
5.3阀体的螺纹孔分度钻模结构设计23
5.4工件的加工精度分析24
6阀体夹具的装配工艺25
总结28
致谢29
参考文献30
装配图1
气缸(2)
压板
支撑板
支架
装配图
装配图2
钻模板支架
