A装配图
摘要
近年来，随着我国经济结构和农业种植业结构的调整，蔬菜种植面积逐步增加，蔬菜产业在当地的经济收益上占有很大的比重。大多数蔬菜品种都采用育苗移栽的方式种植，而我国蔬菜移栽机械发展缓慢，长期以来蔬菜移栽一直以手工作业为主，制约了我国蔬菜产业的发展。因此实现移栽生产机械化是我过蔬菜产业亟待解决的关键问题。
本文在分析了国内外移栽机械研究概况、发展趋势以及现有主要机型特点的基础上，根据我国蔬菜生产的实际情况，设计并研制了新型的悬杯式蔬菜移栽机。针对吊篮式移栽机在钵苗过高时容易碰苗的问题，设计了悬杯式蔬菜移栽机，阐述了整机的结构及工作原理，并对关键部件进行了具体的结构设计。通过采用水平向后张开的悬杯结构，降低了落苗过程中的伤苗率，提高了整机的栽植质量。由于其悬杯水平左右开启，开口朝后，所以在特征参数的条件下进行移栽作业时作业时，落苗后张开的悬杯从钵苗的侧面沿机组前进方向离开，有效地解决了现有吊篮式移栽机在钵苗过高的情况下落苗容易出现的碰苗问题。在理论分析的基础上，确定了悬杯式蔬菜移栽机整机的总体配置方案和栽植单体、传动系统、悬挂架、限深轮、地轮等零部件的具体结构，用三维设计软件SolidWorks建立了整机的三维模型，并对其进行干涉检查。
关键词：蔬菜移栽机；悬杯式；栽苗器
Abstract
In recentyears,with the adjustment of the economic and agricultural planting structure of China are pushed forward,the acreage ofvegetables graduallyincreases and thevegetable industryaccounts for a large proportion of the local economic benefits.Mostvegetable production adopts the technologyof seedling nursing,but thevegetable transplanter in our countrydevelops slowlyandvegetable transplanting is mainlybymanualwork for a long time.It has seriouslyhampered the development ofvegetable industryin China.So it has become an urgent issue to achieve seedling transplanting mechanization for ourvegetable industry.
According to the actual situation of Chinesevegetable production,based on the analysis of domestic and foreign transplanter’s general situations,development trends and characteristics of existing models,a newcantilever cupvegetable transplanter is designed and manufactured.It uses a cantilever cup planting apparatus as the keycomponent to load and plant seedlings.To solve the problem that the hanging basket transplanter is apt to impact the seedlingswhen the seedlings are too high，the cantilever cupvegetable transplanterwas designed．The structure and theworking principle ofwhole machinewere introduced，and the detailed structure of keycomponentswas designed．Byusing the cantilever cupwhich splays in the horizontal plane and opens backwards，the rate of damaged seedlings in the process of dropping seedlingswas reduced and thewhole machine’S planting qualitywas improved．Because of its cantilever cup opening backwards in the horizontal plane,sowhen thevegetable transplanterworks under the situation of of characteristic coefficients,the opening cup leaves the seedling from the side alongwhole machine’s forward direction,which effectivelysolve the problem that the existing hanging basket transplanter is apt to impact the seedlingswhen the seedlings are too high.Based on the theoretical analysis,the overall configuration of cantilever cupvegetable transplanter and the specific structure of transplanting unit,transmission system,suspension frame,depthwheel,and groundwheelwere determined.Three-dimensional model of the machinewas established by3D design software SolidWorks and did the interference checking.
Keywords：vegetable transplanter；cantilever cup；planting apparatus
目录
摘要1
Abstract 2
前言3
1蔬菜移栽机的研究发展3
1.1国外移栽机械的研究概况3
1.2国内移栽机械的研究概况3
1.3移栽机械的主要类型4
1.4移栽机械研究存在的问题及发展趋势9
1.4.1移栽机械研究存在的问题9
1.4.2移栽机械研究的发展趋势9
2悬杯式蔬菜移栽机的工作机理10
2.1栽苗器整体的运动轨迹分析10
2.1.1栽苗器整体的运动方程10
2.1.2栽苗器的运动轨迹分析11
2.2悬杯式蔬菜移栽机的主要特征参数12
3悬杯式蔬菜移栽机的结构设计14
3.1整机结构与工作过程14
3.1.1整机结构14
3.1.2整机工作过程15
3.1.3性能指标15
3.2栽植单体的设计16
3.2.1栽植轮16
3.2.2悬杯式栽苗器18
3.2.3开沟器23
3.2.4覆土镇压轮23
3.3传动系统24
3.4悬挂装置与机架25
3.5限深轮26
3.6地轮27
4结论28
参考文献28
致谢30
盖板
滚子
机架
连杆
凸轮
推杆
销1
销2
移栽爪
轴1
轴2
1字数
2摘要
3设计所包含文件
4目录
5工作原理
