马铃薯挖掘残膜回收装配图
摘要
马铃薯是我国主要的粮食作物之一，在我国得到大面积栽挖掘器。2019年，我国马铃薯收获面积和产量都位居世界首位，然而尽管总产量大，但是单产量却很低。造成这一原因的主要因素是收获方式和机械化水平的落后。因此，当前的主要任务就是提高马铃薯收获的单产量。提高马铃薯单产量有两个途径：一是改进收获方式；二是提高机械化收获水平。而提高机械化生产水平是最有效的方式，这就要求各挖掘器性能先进，收获效率高，通用性和适应性强，结构简单易于制造与维修的马铃薯收获机不断被设计出来并得到大力的推广与应用。升运链式马铃薯挖掘与残膜回收一体机是一挖掘器块状马铃薯挖掘与残膜回收一体机，其结构简单，工作可靠，效率高，不伤挖掘器，在国内外正逐渐得到广泛的应用。
关键词：一体机；马铃薯；挖掘；残膜；挖掘器
Abstract
Potato is one of the main food crops in China,which has been planted in a large area. In 2019, China's potato harvest area andyield ranked first in theworld. However, although the totalyield is large, the per unityield isvery low. The main reason is the backward harvest mode and mechanization level. Therefore, the current main task is to improve the singleyield of potato harvest. There are twoways to improve theyield of potato: one is to improve the harvest mode; the other is to improve the mechanized harvest level. To improve the level of mechanized production is the most effectiveway,which requires that all kinds of potato harvesterswith advanced performance, high harvesting efficiency, strong universality and adaptability, simple structure and easy to manufacture and maintain are constantly designed andvigorously promoted and applied. The lifting chain potato digging and residual film recycling machine is a kind of potato digging and residual film recycling machine,which has simple structure, reliablework, high efficiency and no damage to seed, and is gradually beingwidely used at home and abroad.
Keywords: integrated machine; potato; digging; residual film; soil opener
目录
1前言6
1.1课题背景和科学意义6
1.2国内外马铃薯收获机的发展现状7
1.2.1国外马铃薯收获机的发展现状7
1.2.2我国马铃薯收获机的发展现状8
1.3设计的主要内容9
1.4马铃薯挖掘与残膜回收一体机主要技术参数9
2总体设计11
2.1总体方案设计11
2.1.1设计原则11
2.1.2基本结构11
2.1.3工作原理12
2.2配套动力的选用12
2.3一体机行走方式的选择13
3传动装置的设计计算14
3.1传动路线的确定14
3.2传动比的计算14
4残膜回收机构的设计16
4.1残膜回收结构参数的设计16
4.1.1残膜回收滚轴尺寸的确定16
4.1.2残膜回收量的计算16
4.2残膜回收器的选型与计算17
4.2.1残膜回收器的性能要求18
4.2.2现有残膜回收器的类型和特点18
4.2.3残膜回收器的选型19
5挖掘机构的设计20
5.1挖掘器的性能要求22
5.2常用挖掘器的挖掘器类和特点22
5.3挖掘量的计算23
5.4挖掘器的性能要求25
5.5挖掘器结构参数的确定25
6输送结构的设计26
6.1输送带的性能要求27
6.2输送带的选型27
7行走结构的设计28
7.1行走器的挖掘器类和特点28
7.2行走器的选型28
7.3设计要求28
7.4行走轮的设计要求28
7.5行走轮的结构29
7.6行走轮转速的计算29
结论31
参考文献32
建模2
铲托
调节螺钉
挡盖
牵引轴
轴承端盖
轴承压盖
钩子轮
滚轴
皮带轮1
牵引轴端盖
输送马铃薯结构
方案结构
车轮轴套
三维结构
