总装图
100吨通用油压机的液压系统设计
摘要
油压机是一种以液压油为工作介质，根据帕斯卡原理制成的用于传递能量以实现各种工艺的机器。液压机是一种锻压机械，它能完成调直、冷冲压、冷挤压等多种锻压工艺。液压机的结构形式很多，但通常由横梁、立柱、工作台、滑块和顶出机构等部件组成。本文为100T通用油压机液压系统设计，通过对油压机主缸及顶出缸进行工况分析，绘制其速度图和负载图。选择液压基本回路，拟定液压系统原理图，使主缸能完成快速下行、减速压制、保压延时、泄压回程、停止的基本工作循环，顶出缸能实现顶出、退回、浮动压边的动作，之后对液压系统控制过程进行分析。确定液压系统的主要参数，通过对压力、流量等参数的分析与计算，对泵、电机、控制阀等液压元件和辅助件进行了选择。本次设计采用了集成块，除去与泵或液压缸等的连接仍然采用管接头和管道以外，其它各元件之间的连接都通过集成块上的通道，其结构更为紧凑，体积也相对更小，重量也更轻，大大减少管件连接，从而消除了因油管、接头引起的泄漏、振动和噪声，并且液压系统安装、调试和维护方便，压力损失小，外形美观。另外对液压站进行了总体布局。通过液压系统压力损失和温升的验算，本文液压系统的设计可以满足液压机工作循环的动作要求，能够实现塑性材料的成型加工工艺。
关键词油压机；液压系统；原理图；集成块；液压站
The design of 100T hydraulic press hydraulic system
Abstract
Hydraulic presses are machines that use liquid as working medium and are made according to the principle of PASCAL to deliver energy to achieve various processes. Hydraulic presses are metal forming machines which can complete various forging technology such as alignment, cold forging, cold extruding and so on. Hydraulic presses have many structural forms but more often than not they are composed of crossbeam, vertical post, work table, slide block and ejector parts. This paper is about the design of 100T hydraulic press's hydraulic system, though the condition analysis of the hydraulic press's main cylinder and ejection cylinder, we can draw their velocity diagrams and load diagrams. Then we choose basic hydraulic circuit to form the hydraulic system schematics. We must make sure the main cylinder can complete the basic working cycle of fast descending, deceleration repression, time delay of press forming, relinef-pressure return and stop, and on the other hand, ejection cylinder can realize the action of ejection, return and floating side pressing. After that, we must analyse the control process of the hydraulic system. Hydraulic system's main parameters are determined and through the analysis and calculation of pressure, flow and other parameters, and then we can go on the choose hydraulic components and auxiliary parts such as pump , motor, filters, control valves. This design adopted the manifold block, and except that the connection of pump and hydraulic cylinder still uses the pipes and pipe joints, the connection of other components all through the channel of the manifold block. Its structure is more compact, volume is relatively smaller, its weight is lighter without pipe connection. What's more, it can eliminate leakage of tubing, connectors, vibration and noise, also, the installation, commissioning and maintenance of hydraulic systrem are convenient, low pressure drop, and it looks more beautiful.The paper has also designed the overall layout of the hydraulic station.what is more this paper have three-dimensional graph of integrated block, hydraulic pressure station, which make it more beautiful and accessible to reader. The hydraulic system can meet the press order cycle action requires and realize the plastic material forging press, stamping cold extrusion, straightening, bending forming process and other contour machining technic through check calculation of hydraulic system pressure loss and the temperature of the hydraulic system.
Key words hydraulic press;hydraulic system;system diagram; manifold block;hydraulic station
目录
摘要I
Abstract II
第1章绪论6
1.1研究背景6
1.2研究目的与意义6
1.2.1研究目的6
1.2.2研究意义7
1.3研究内容7
第2章液压系统设计要求和工况分析8
2.1明确对液压系统的设计要求8
2.2液压系统的工况分析9
2.2.1液压机主缸的工况分析9
2.2.2液压机顶出缸的工况分析10
第3章确定液压系统主要参数12
3.1确定液压缸的主要参数12
3.1.1初选液压缸的工作压力12
3.1.2确定液压缸的主要结构尺寸12
3.2计算系统所需压力13
3.3系统流量的计算14
3.3.1主缸流量的计算14
3.3.2.顶出缸流量的计算15
第4章液压机液压系统原理图设计16
4.1系统原理图的设计16
4.2液压系统原理图的问题18
4.3液压系统的工作原理19
第5章液压元件的选择22
5.1确定液压泵及驱动电机的功率22
5.1.1确定液压泵的工作压力22
5.1.2确定液压泵的最大流量22
5.1.3选择液压泵的规格23
5.1.4电动机的选择23
5.2阀类元件及辅助元件的选择23
5.3管道尺寸的确定25
5.4油箱容积的确定25
5.5系统温升的验算26
第6章液压站结构设计28
6.1液压站的结构型式28
6.2液压泵的安装方式28
6.3液压集成油路的设计28
6.4液压油箱的设计29
结论32
致谢33
参考文献34
泵站
液压系统原理图
集成块
字数
摘要
目录
设计所包含文件
