9-19型离心风机优化设计

9-19型离心风机装配总图

摘要
离心风机是一种在工业生产中提供气体动力的流体机械，在国民经济的各个行业中应用都非常广泛。离心风机内部的流动形态十分复杂，在运行的过程中常常伴随着容积损失、机械损失以及流动损失等现象，这些现象会使得离心风机的工作效率降低。随着我国对能源问题的重视，用户对离心风机的气动性能有了更高的要求。本文以9-19型离心风机为研究对象，利用数值模拟法对风机内部流场进行了研究。在此基础上，以提高离心风机的工作效率为目标，对离心风机的叶片进行了优化设计。主要的研究工作如下：
本文利用FLUENT软件对9-19型离心风机进行了全工况数值模拟，对比离心风机的试验数据，数值模拟法的方案是具有可靠性的。另外，在最佳工况下，对风机的内部流场进行分析，结果发现：离心风机内部气体流动不均匀，叶片流道中存在着流动分离、涡流的现象，这些现象致使离心风机的工作效率降低。
通过公式推算，发现叶片数目与叶片出口安装角度对离心风机的性能有较大影响，以这两个因素为待优化的几何参数，对叶片进行优化设计。首先确定出最佳的叶片数目，然后在此基础上，确定出最佳的叶片出口安装角度，最终，对最佳的叶片数目进行验证。经过多组的数值模拟计算，得到了叶片的优化模型。计算结果表明：当叶片数目为16片，叶片出口安装角度为时，离心风机内部气体的流动状况得到了改善，流动损失的现象有所减少，而且离心风机的全压和效率都得到了显着的提高。当流量为1264时，风机的效率最高，在这个工况点下，优化模型的风机与原风机相比，全压提高了231.55Pa，而效率则提高了4.95%。最后，文中还对优化模型进行了静力分析，经过校核，优化模型的叶轮满足强度要求。

关键词：离心风机；数值模拟；叶片优化；静力分析

Abstract
Centrifugal fan is a common fluid machine which provides energy of gas in industrial production. It is widely used in various industries of national economy. The internal flow of centrifugal fan is very complex, and there are volume loss, mechanical loss and flow loss in the process of operation, which will reduce the efficiency of the centrifugal fan. With the attention to energy problem, users have higher requirements for the aerodynamic performance of centrifugal fan. In this paper, the flow field in 9-19centrifugal fan was researched by numerical simulation. An optimization design method was proposed to improve the efficiency of the centrifugal fan based on centrifugal fan numerical simulation.The main work and conclutions of the paper are as follws:
In this paper, the 9-19centrifugal fan was simulated by FLUENT software, compared with the experimental data of centrifugal fan, the method of numerical simulation is reliable. In addition, under the best condition, the internal flow field of the fan was studied and analyzed. The results show that the internal flow of the centrifugal fan is uneven, and there are flow separation and eddy current in the blade passage, resulting in the low efficiency of the centrifugal fan.
Based on the formula calculation, the number of blades and the blade outlet installation angle have great influence on the aerodynamic performance of centrifugal fan. Taking above two factors as the geometric parameters to be optimized, the optimization design of the blade is carried out. First, optimized the number of blades and selected the best number of blades. Then, on this basis, optimized the blade outlet installation angle and selected the best angle. Finally, the best number of blades was verified. After several groups of numerical simulation, the optimal model of blade was obtained. The calculation results show that when the number of blades is 16 and the blade outlet installation angle is, the internal flow field of the centrifugal fan has been improved, and the flow loss has been reduced, in addition, the total pressure and efficiency of the centrifugal fan are significantly improved. Simulation results show that the efficiency of centrifugal fan is the highest when the flow rate is 1264, at this working conditon, compared with the original fan, the total pressure of the optimized model fan is increased by 231.55Pa, while the efficiency is increased by 4.95%. Finally, the static analysis of the optimization model was carried out. After checking, the impeller of the optimization model meets the strength requirements.

Keywords: Centrifugal fan; Numerical simulation; Blade optimization; Static analysis

目录
摘要I
Abstract III
目录V
第1章绪论1
1.1研究背景及意义1
1.2国内外研究现状2
1.2.1离心风机内部流场特性的研究2
1.2.2离心风机的性能优化研究5
1.3本的主要研究内容8
第2章离心风机的简介11
2.1引言11
2.2离心风机的主要结构11
2.3离心风机的工作原理及特性参数13
2.4本章小结15
第3章离心风机数值模拟的基本理论17
3.1引言17
3.2基本方程17
3.2.1质量守恒方程17
3.2.2动量守恒方程18
3.2.3能量方程19
3.3湍流模型20
3.3.1标准模型20
3.3.2模型21
3.4转动区域和静止区域的求解21
3.5本章小结22
第4章离心风机内部流场的三维数值模拟23
4.1离心风机物理模型的建立23
4.2网格划分25
4.3计算方法与边界条件25
4.4网格无关性验证26
4.5数值模拟结果验证与内部流场分析27
4.5.1数值模拟结果验证27
4.5.2内部流场分析28
4.6本章小结30
第5章离心风机叶片优化设计31
5.1引言31
5.2叶片数目对离心风机性能的影响31
5.3叶片出口安装角度对离心风机性能的影响32
5.4离心风机的叶片优化34
5.4.1叶片数目的优化34
5.4.2叶片出口安装角度的优化35
5.4.3叶片优化方案验证37
5.5优化结果分析39
5.6本章小结42
第6章离心风机叶轮的有限元分析45
6.1引言45
6.2离心风机叶轮的模型与材料属性45
6.3加载求解与结果分析47
6.4本章小结49
第7章总结与展望51
7.1主要结论51
7.2展望52
参考文献53
攻读硕士期间已发表的59
致谢61

第1章绪论
1.1研究背景及意义
工业风机广泛用于冷却、通风、抽真空和除尘、充气等，并且风机占全球工业能源需求的很大一部分。离心风机广泛用于这些应用，因为其成本低，易于制造，坚固耐用，压力比高，风量较大[1]。离心风机是工业生产中提供气体动力的流体机械，在国民生活中具有重要的作用，但由于国内现有技术水平的限制,离心风机的工作效率较低，并消耗着我国大量的电能[2]，根据相关资料统计，离心

9-19型离心风机动域模型三视图

9-19型离心风机机壳图

9-19型离心风机进风口部图

9-19型离心风机三维流道模型

9-19型离心风机三维流道模型线架图

9-19型离心风机叶轮图

9-19型离心风机右视图

9-19型离心风机支架图

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英文摘要

中文摘要